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Total stations can easily now achieve the vast majority of the steps that were historically completed by theodolites and transits. In addition they carry out the tasks much more reliably and quickly.

The total station has 3 primary components namely; the electronic distance measuring component (EDM); the angle measurement component and the processing unit Computer.

These devices can automatically observe horizontal angles and vertical angles, as well as distances along a slope, from a straightforward single setup. From these kinds of measurements they can , at the media of a button, work out the particular horizontal along with vertical distances, elevations and the coordinates of the points sighted, and display the results on a liquid crystal display screen. The data can be kept onboard or even transmitted to external devices.

The telescope is an essential component of any kind of total station device. It is mounted in between the instrument’s standards, and just after the instrument has been setup level, it may be rotated or plunged, so that the actual axis of sight describes a vertical plane. The axis about which the telescope revolves is called the horizontal axis. The telescope may also be turned in any azimuthal plane about a vertical line which is referred to as the vertical axis. Being able to both revolve as well as turn about these axis permits the operator to target the unit in any azimuth, and along any gradient in order to sight the observed points. This is obviously essential when calculating angles. The device possesses three reference axes, the sight line, the horizontal and the vertical axes.

Total stations are usually designed with a pair of graduated circles that will be mounted in perpendicular planes. The instrument is simply set up so that the actual horizontal ring is horizontal. This automatically sets the vertical plane. Modern instruments can certainly now execute a simple self leveling procedure from a nominal level position.

The total station will probably include quite a few pre-programmed functions that are selectable from the main and sub menus on the LCD screen. Your system will also provide a detailed or summary help function. Prompting the user to accomplish the next required operation. Whilst this will not really do away with the requirement for basic training. It is a great means of providing proper operation.

The majority of total stations can complete sophisticated calculations on the data being measured in ‘real time’ or perhaps at the press of a button after the measurement has bee taken.

There are usually a number of associated pieces of equipment which are regularly associated with a total station. These might include reflective targets, tripods along with hilti nails and prisms.

Quite a few total stations can certainly now be worked remotely. The user can set the particular instrument and then move around with a remote positioning device. The actual total station can then be controlled to track until it discovers the prism remote device, then document the location. The keyboard on the remote control device can completely work the total station and therefore a single person could perform a full survey following set up of the station.

In many cases it is essential to be able to re-establish the stations for future surveys. In this kind of situation survey nails would be utilised in order to form a more long lasting reference. The total station could then be set up over the point for subsequent surveys.

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